詞語：decay
decay是什麼意思
簡明英漢詞典
decay
[di5kei]
vi.
腐朽, 腐爛, 衰減, 衰退
n.
腐朽, 腐爛, 衰減, 衰退
v.
衰落
美國傳統詞典[雙解]
decay
de.cay
AHD:[d1-k3「]
D.J.[di6kei]
K.K.[d!6ke]
v.（動詞）
de.cayed， de.cay.ing， de.cays
v.intr.（不及物動詞）
(1)Biology To break down into component parts; rot.
【生物學】 腐爛：分解成各組成部分；腐爛
(2)Physics To disintegrate or diminish by radioactive decay.
【物理學】 衰變：由於放射性衰變而解體或縮小
(3)Electronics To decrease gradually in magnitude. Used of voltage or current.
【電子學】 衰減：指電壓或電流的逐漸減弱
(4)Aerospace To decrease in orbit. Used of an artificial satellite.
【太空學】 能量衰減：指人造衛星在軌道上運行時能量消減
(5)To fall into ruin:
衰亡，毀壞：
a civilization that had begun to decay.
已經開始衰落的文明
(6)Pathology To decline in health or vigor; waste away.
【病理學】 衰弱，消瘦：在健康或精力方面衰退；變得衰弱
(7)To decline from a state of normality, excellence, or prosperity; deteriorate.
使衰退：從正常、優秀或繁榮的狀態衰敗下去，惡化
v.tr.（及物動詞）
To cause to decay.
使腐爛；使衰敗
n.（名詞）
(1)The destruction or decomposition of organic matter as a result of bacterial or fungal action; rot.
腐爛：有機物質由於細菌的活動而受到的破壞或分解；腐爛
(2)Rotted matter.
腐爛的物質
(3)Physics Radioactive decay.
【物理學】 放射性的蛻變、衰變
(4)Aerospace The decrease in orbital altitude of an artificial satellite as a result of conditions such as atmospheric drag.
【太空學】 能量消減：人造衛星由於大氣阻力等的作用結果，在軌道高度上能量消減
(5)A gradual deterioration to an inferior state:
衰敗、衰落的狀態：
tooth decay; urban decay.
蛀牙；城市的衰落
(6)A falling into ruin.
衰亡
語源
(1)Middle English decayen
中古英語 decayen
(2)from Old French decair
源自 古法語 decair
(3)from Vulgar Latin *d?e
源自 俗拉丁語 *d?e
(4)Latin d?- [de-]
拉丁語 d?- [向下]
(5)Latin cadere [to fall] * see kad-
拉丁語 cadere [減低，變弱] *參見 kad-
繼承用法
decay「er
n.（名詞）
參考詞彙
(1)decay， rot， putrefy， spoil， crumble， molder， disintegrate， decompose
(2)These verbs all refer to gradual change resulting in destruction or dissolution.
這些動詞都表示導致毀滅或分解的逐步變化。
(3)Decay denotes a falling away from soundness; it may imply a stage in deterioration short of complete destruction:
Decay 表示從完好健全的狀態變弱；指未達到徹底毀滅狀態時的惡化階段：
Dentists advise their patients to brush and floss regularly to prevent their teeth from decaying.
牙醫建議他們的病人定期刷牙並用潔牙線剔牙，防止蛀牙。
(4)Rot is sometimes synonymous with decay (
Rot 有時與decay 的詞義一樣(
wood that had rotted), but it often, like putrefy, stresses a stage of deterioration marked by offensiveness to the sense of smell:
已經腐爛了的木頭)， 但正如putrefy， 該詞經常強調惡化的階段，伴有顯著的令人作嘔的氣味：
Animal flesh that rots is attractive to vultures.
動物腐爛的肉體對兀鷹很有吸引力。
The intact carcass of the prehistoric animal was prevented from putrefying by the arctic cold.
史前時期動物的完整屍體，是由於北極嚴寒的保護不致腐爛。
(5)Spoil usually refers to the process by which perishable substances, especially food, become unfit for use or consumption:
Spoil 通常指食物等易壞的物質變得不能使用或消費的過程：
I put the veal scallops into the refrigerator before they could spoil.
在小牛肉可能變質前，我把它們擱在冰箱裡。
(6)Crumble implies the physical breakdown of a substance into small fragments or particles:
Crumble 是物質分裂成碎片的意思：
We saw the remains of an ancient church that had crumbled to ruins. To
我們看到了那座已變成廢墟的古教堂。
(7)molder is to crumble to dust:
molder 指化為塵土：
Her grandmother's shawl had moldered away in the trunk.
她奶奶的圍巾已經在箱子裡腐爛了。
(8)Disintegrate refers to complete breakdown into component parts and implies the destruction of usefulness or integrity:
Disintegrate 指完全分裂成組成部分，意味著功能整體的被破壞：
The sandstone fa?ade had disintegrated from long exposure to the elements.
由於長期暴露在自然環境中，沙巖的表面已經風化了。
(9)Decompose, largely restricted to the breakdown of substances into their chemical components, also connotes rotting and putrefying, both literally and figuratively:
Decompose 主要限於指物質分裂成其化學組成成份，含有腐朽、腐爛的意思，既可以從字面上來理解，也可以從喻意上來理解：
「trivial personalities decomposing in the eternity of print」 (Virginia Woolf).
缺少才華的作家逐漸從永恆的書籍世界中消失 （維琴尼亞·沃爾夫）
現代英漢詞典
decay
[dI5keI]
vi.
decayed, decaying
(1)腐敗；使腐爛
Sugar can decay the teeth.
糖能蛀蝕牙。
(2)衰退；衰微；衰敗
現代英漢綜合大辭典
decay
[di5kei]
vi.
(1)腐朽, 腐爛; 分解, 風化, 變化
(2)衰減, 衰退, 退化, 消失, 埋沒
(3)凋謝, 枯萎
(4)(螢光屏的)餘輝
(5)(電荷存儲管的)電荷減少, 能量損失
What made the Roman Empire decay?
羅馬帝國為何衰亡?
詞性變化
decay
[di5kei]
vt.
使腐朽[爛]; 使衰退
Sugar can decay the tooth.
糖會腐蝕牙齒。
decay
[di5kei]
n.
(1)衰微, 衰退
(2)腐朽, 腐爛
(3)【無】衰變 premature decay 早衰 tooth decay 蛀牙 The house is in decay. 這房子已腐朽。
繼承用法
decayable
adj.
decayless
adj.
習慣用語
be far gone in decay
衰弱過甚, 凋落不堪
go to decay (=fall into decay)
腐朽, 凋謝, 衰微; 年久失修
特殊用法
advanced decay
進級腐朽
alpha decay
α-衰變、蛻變
anaerobic decay
厭氧腐爛
arrested decay
【地質】抑制分解階段
bimolecular decay
雙分子衰減
biological decay
生物衰變; 生物腐敗
branching decay
分支衰變
brightness decay
亮度衰減
chain decay
鏈衰變
classical beta decay
經典β衰變
competitive decay
競爭衰變
complex decay
復衰變
contrast decay
對比度降低, 反差衰減, 反襯度降低
double-beta decay
雙β衰變
dual radioactive decay
【核】多重放射性衰變
electron-capture decay
電子俘獲衰變
electron emission decay
電子發射衰變
environmental decay
環境衰退
exponential decay
指數式衰減
hindered alpha decay
受阻α衰變
inverse beta decay
【核】逆β蛻變
leptonic decay
(粒子)輕子型衰變
low decay
低惰性, 短餘輝
mesonic decay
介子衰變
modulus decay
衰減係數
natural radioactive decay
放射性自然衰變
negative exponential decay
負指數式衰減
non-mesonic decay
非介子衰變
orbital decay
【航空】軌道衰減;【原物】軌道衰變
organic decay
有機衰減, 自然衰減
phosphorescent decay
磷光餘輝
photo-conductivity decay
光[電]導衰減
plasma decay
等離子體衰變
positron decay
陽電子衰變
power-law decay
冪函數式衰減
radial decay
徑向衰變
radiative decay
輻射衰變
rock decay
岩石風化
scintillation decay
閃爍現象衰減
semi-leptonic decay
半輕子衰變
series decay
【核】系列衰變
spontaneous decay
自發衰減
stress decay
應力衰減; 應力鬆弛
two-component decay
二份量衰變
welddecay
【冶】焊接區晶間腐蝕
decayof amplitude
振幅的衰減
decayof luminescence
發光衰變
decayof turbulence
湍流衰減
參考詞彙
decay rot decompose
均含「由良好變腐爛, 由健康變衰弱」的意思。
(1)decay強調「由自然的過程而逐漸變壞或變弱」, 如:
His teeth began to decay.
他的牙齒開始齲蝕。
(2)rot 語氣較強, 指「腐爛」, 尤指「動植物等由細菌引起變質」, 如:
Don't eat rotten apples.
不要吃腐爛的蘋果。
(3)decompose強調「由自然的或化學的過程使某物分解腐爛」, 如:
The eggs began to decompose after a day in the sun.
雞蛋在太陽下放了一天後開始變壞。
用法詞典
decay
來自民間拉丁語decadere=de- 離開，失掉+cadere落下
參考詞彙
(1)decay,rot,decompose,spoil這組詞的一般含義是腐爛、腐敗。
(2)decay 強調由完好的狀態向腐爛進行逐漸自然的變化。詞義引伸後，decay可以表示衰落或衰敗。
Stone does not decay, and so the tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace.
石頭是不腐敗的，因此遠古年代的工具至今尚存，即使製造這些工具的人的骨頭已經毫無痕跡地消失了。
Each civilization is born, it culminates, and it decay.
各種文明都要歷經誕生，鼎盛和衰落。
What caused the Roman Empire to decay?
是什麼促使羅馬帝國衰落的？
(3)rot 所表示的「腐爛」含義強烈，有時表示徹底爛掉，但有時表示腐爛的初期，這時腐敗物未必已經開始散發臭味。詞義引伸後，rot 表示消瘦或腐化墮落
They may also have used wood and skins, but these have rotted away.
他們也可能用過木頭和皮子，但這些東西都爛掉了。
The snail has rotted away in its shell.
這只蝸牛已經在殼裡腐爛完了。
The prisoner is left to rot in the jail.
這個囚徒被投入監獄任憑他漸漸消瘦下去。
(4)decompose 指有機物物質分解為其他組成元素時的腐爛，因此這個詞比較正式，遠沒有rot通俗。
Bacteria can decompose organic matter.
細菌能使有機物腐爛。
They decompose and are quickly destroyed by the weather or eaten by some other creature.
它們(指動物屍體)腐敗之後很快被風化掉，或者被其他動物吃掉。
(5)spoil 主要用於家庭中或市場上的食品變壞、腐爛變質
put the meat in the refrigerator, or it will soon spoil.
把肉放到冰箱裡，不然它很快就會變壞的。
英文相關詞典
decay
crumbledisintegraterotspoil
[七國語言]英漢地質大詞典
decay
腐敗
[七國語言]英漢地理大詞典
decay
分解, 腐敗
[七國語言]英漢電子大詞典
decay
衰減
[七國語言]英漢電子工程大詞典
decay
衰變
[七國語言]英漢化學大詞典
decay
衰變
[七國語言]英漢機械工程大詞典
decay
衰減
[七國語言]英漢建築大詞典
decay
衰減;腐敗
[七國語言]英漢農業大詞典
decay
腐爛, 腐朽
[七國語言]英漢輕工業大詞典
decay
腐爛, 腐敗
[七國語言]英漢生物學大詞典
decay
分解
[七國語言]英漢物理大詞典
decay
衰變
[七國語言]英漢冶金大詞典
decay
衰變
[七國語言]英漢醫學大詞典
decay
腐爛, 腐蝕
[七國語言]英漢原子能大詞典
decay
衰減, 減少
美國傳統詞典
decay
de.cay
AHD:[d1-k3「]
D.J.[di6kei]
K.K.[d!6ke]
v.
de.cayed, de.cay.ing, de.cays
v.intr.
(1)Biology To break down into component parts; rot.
(2)Physics To disintegrate or diminish by radioactive decay.
(3)Electronics To decrease gradually in magnitude. Used of voltage or current.
(4)Aerospace To decrease in orbit. Used of an artificial satellite.
(5)To fall into ruin:
a civilization that had begun to decay.
(6)Pathology To decline in health or vigor; waste away.
(7)To decline from a state of normality, excellence, or prosperity; deteriorate.
v.tr.
To cause to decay.
n.
(1)The destruction or decomposition of organic matter as a result of bacterial or fungal action; rot.
(2)Rotted matter.
(3)Physics Radioactive decay.
(4)Aerospace The decrease in orbital altitude of an artificial satellite as a result of conditions such as atmospheric drag.
(5)A gradual deterioration to an inferior state:
tooth decay; urban decay.
(6)A falling into ruin.
語源
(1)Middle English decayen
(2)from Old French decair
(3)from Vulgar Latin *d?e
(4)Latin d?- [de-]
(5)Latin cadere [to fall] * see kad-
繼承用法
decay「er
n.
參考詞彙
(1)decay, rot, putrefy, spoil, crumble, molder, disintegrate, decompose
(2)These verbs all refer to gradual change resulting in destruction or dissolution.
(3)Decay denotes a falling away from soundness; it may imply a stage in deterioration short of complete destruction:
Dentists advise their patients to brush and floss regularly to prevent their teeth from decaying.
(4)Rot is sometimes synonymous with decay (
wood that had rotted), but it often, like putrefy, stresses a stage of deterioration marked by offensiveness to the sense of smell:
Animal flesh that rots is attractive to vultures.
The intact carcass of the prehistoric animal was prevented from putrefying by the arctic cold.
(5)Spoil usually refers to the process by which perishable substances, especially food, become unfit for use or consumption:
I put the veal scallops into the refrigerator before they could spoil.
(6)Crumble implies the physical breakdown of a substance into small fragments or particles:
We saw the remains of an ancient church that had crumbled to ruins. To
(7)molder is to crumble to dust:
Her grandmother's shawl had moldered away in the trunk.
(8)Disintegrate refers to complete breakdown into component parts and implies the destruction of usefulness or integrity:
The sandstone fa?ade had disintegrated from long exposure to the elements.
(9)Decompose, largely restricted to the breakdown of substances into their chemical components, also connotes rotting and putrefying, both literally and figuratively:
「trivial personalities decomposing in the eternity of print」 (Virginia Woolf).
[名詞委審定]英漢土壤學名詞(定義版, 1998)
decay
(1)腐解作用
(2)微生物對新鮮有機物的破壞和分解。
[名詞委審定]英漢藥學名詞(1999)
decay
衰變
英漢船舶大詞典
decay
n.衰減
英漢電力大詞典
decay
n.衰減,衰變,減退
朗文英漢綜合電腦詞典
decay
衰變，衰減
英漢電信大詞典
decay
n.衰變,餘輝
英漢地質大詞典
decay
n.腐爛,衰變,衰退,衰減,衰變,腐爛
英漢紡織大詞典
decay
n.螢光屏餘輝
英漢廣播大詞典
decay
n.衰變
英漢航海大詞典
decay
n.衰退
英漢環境大詞典
decay
n.衰減,衰變,腐爛
英漢航空大詞典
decay
n.衰變,衰減;n.衰減,衰弱
英漢化學大詞典
decay
n.腐朽,分解,衰變,衰退,分裂,腐敗,衰化,餘輝;vi.腐朽,衰變,下降
英漢海運大詞典
decay
毀壞，衰變，衰減
基本詞義
decay
毀壞衰變，衰減(螢光屏的)餘輝電荷減少腐蝕
基本詞義
decay
衰變，衰減
基本詞義
decay
衰變，衰減(螢光屏的)餘輝電荷減少腐蝕
基本詞義
decay
衰減，衰變毀壞衰變，衰減
英漢經貿大詞典
decay
n.衰退
英漢計算機大詞典
decay
vi.腐朽(衰變,下降);n.分解(餘輝)
英漢機械大詞典
decay
n.衰變,衰減
英漢建築大詞典
decay
n.衰落,衰減,衰變
英漢農牧林大詞典
decay
n.衰變,蛻變,腐敗
英漢能源大詞典
decay
n.蛻變,衰變,分裂
英漢汽車大詞典
decay
n.衰減,衰變
英漢水利大詞典
decay
n.減弱,減退,減少
英漢消防大詞典
decay
腐爛
英漢心理學大詞典
decay
衰退
英漢冶金大詞典
decay
n.衰變,蛻變
英漢醫學大詞典
decay
n.衰變,蛻變
英漢中醫大詞典
decay
n.腐爛,腐朽,腐爛
英漢造紙大詞典
decay
n.腐朽,腐蝕