詞語:war
war是什麼意思
簡明英漢詞典
war
[wC:]
n.
戰爭
vi.
作戰, 打仗
美國傳統詞典[雙解]
war
war
AHD:[w?r]
D.J.[w%8r]
K.K.[w%r]
n.(名詞)
(1)A state of open, armed, often prolonged conflict carried on between nations, states, or parties.
戰爭:在國家、民族或派別之間進行的公開的使用武力的常持續一段時間的衝突的狀態
(2)The period of such conflict.
戰爭期間
(3)The techniques and procedures of war; military science.
軍事學:戰爭的技巧或程序;軍事科學
(4)A condition of active antagonism or contention:
論戰:積極地對立或爭吵的狀態:
a war of words; a price war.
口舌之戰;價格之戰
(5)A concerted effort or campaign to combat or put an end to something considered injurious:
鬥爭:為與某些被認為是有害之物作戰或使其結束而作的齊心協調的努力或鬥爭:
the war against acid rain.
預防酸雨的鬥爭
v.intr.(不及物動詞)
warred, war.ring, wars
(1)To wage or carry on warfare.
從事或進行戰鬥
(2)To be in a state of hostility or rivalry; contend.
同…處於交戰狀態:處於敵對或競爭的狀態;爭辯
習慣用語
at war
In an active state of conflict or contention.
處於交戰狀態:處於一種衝突或爭論的活躍狀態
語源
(1)Middle English warre
中古英語 warre
(2)from Old North French werre
源自 古法國北方方言 werre
(3)[of Germanic origin] * see wers-
[源於德語] *參見 wers-
註釋
A piece of liverwurst may perhaps help us gain some insight into the nature of war, at least into the semantic history of the word war. War and the -wurst part of liverwurst can be traced back to the same Indo-European root, wers-, 「to confuse, mix up.」 In the Germanic family of the Indo-European languages, this root gave rise to several words having to do with confusion or mixture of various kinds. In the case of the ancestry of war, the hypothetical Germanic stem .werza-, 「confusion,」 became .werra-, which passed into Old French, a language descended from spoken Latin but supplemented by more than 200 words borrowed from the Frankish invaders of the 5th century. From the Germanic stem came both the form werre in Old North French, the form borrowed into English in the 12th century, and guerre (the source of guerilla ) in the rest of the Old French-speaking area. Both forms meant 「war,」 a very confused condition indeed. Meanwhile another Indo-European form derived from the same Indo-European root had developed into Old High German wurst, meaning 「sausage,」 from an underlying sense of 「mixture,」 which is, of course, related to the sense of the root 「to confuse, mix up.」 Modern German wurst was borrowed into English in the 19th century, first by itself (recorded in 1855) and then as part of the word liverwurst (1869), the liver being a translation of German leber in leberwurst.
一塊肝腸也許會幫助我們對戰爭的性質增加些認識,至少可瞭解war這一詞的語義史。 War和 liverwurst 的一部分 -wurst 可以追溯到同一印歐語系詞根 wers- 「使迷惑,混雜」。 在印歐語系中的日耳曼語系中,該詞根造出了好幾個與迷惑或各種東西的混合物有關的詞語。在war 的詞源一例中,假定的日耳曼語詞干 werza- 「迷惑」變成了 werra- , 又傳入了來自拉丁語口語的古法語中,但是又附加了由5世紀法蘭克侵略者帶來的200多個單詞。從日耳曼語詞干中,既產生了古老的北部法語中的werre (12世紀該詞傳入英語),又產生了其它講古法語地區的人用的 guerre ( guerilla 的詞源)。 兩個形式都表示「戰爭」,一個的確很糟糕的局面。同時,另一個從相同的印歐語系詞根派生來的印歐語形式發展成了舊高地德語wurst 「香腸」, 這是從其潛含義「混合物」而來的,「混合物」顯然與「使困惑,混雜」的詞根的含義有關。現代德語中的wurst 於19世紀傳入英語中, 首先是它的獨立形式(記載於1855年),然後是liverwurst 的一部分(1869年), 「肝」這層含義是由德語leberwurst 中的 leber 翻譯而來
現代英漢詞典
war
[wC:(r)]
n.
(1)戰爭
war of nerves
神經戰
One country declared war on another.
一個國家對另一個國家宣戰。
(2)戰爭期間
(3)(常與on連用)戰鬥;鬥爭
a war against disease
和疾病作的鬥爭
(having) been in the wars
打過仗;受過傷
詞性變化
war
vi.
-rr-
(1)打仗,作戰
The two countries were at war for two years.
這兩個國家打了二年仗了。
(2)鬥爭
warring beliefs
敵對的看法
習慣用語
at war
(常與with連用)與…處於戰爭狀態
go to war
宣戰,進入戰爭狀態
現代英漢綜合大辭典
war
[wC:]
adj., adv.
[蘇]=worse
用法詞典
war
中古英語 werre
相關:WAR的翻译及解釋