詞語：underling
underling是什麼意思
簡明英漢詞典
underling
[5QndEliN]
n.
部下, 下僚, 下屬, 走卒
美國傳統詞典[雙解]
underling
un.der.ling
AHD:[?n「d…r-l1ng]
D.J.[6(nd*li0]
K.K.[6(nd+l!0]
n.（名詞）
One of lesser rank or authority than another; a subordinate.
下屬，屬下：等級或權力小於他者的人；下屬
註釋
People trying to build their vocabulary often study affixes, a not unreasonable way to proceed. But studying a group of words that share an affix can be fascinating in its own right in the way that studying common features in a photograph of an extended family can be fascinating. The suffix -ling is Germanic in origin and had several uses already in Old English. For example, it could be added to a noun to make a second noun that referred to something connected with or similar to the first noun; thus, adding the suffix to the Old English word yrth, 「ploughland,」 produced the Old English word yrthling, 「plowman.」 The suffix could also be added to an adjective to make a noun that referred to something having the quality denoted by the adjective: from Old English d?, 「dear, beloved,」 was derived d?g (Modern English darling ). Adding -ling to an adverb produced a noun referring to something having the position or condition denoted by the adverb: from Old English under came underling. The last use of the -ling family to be described here was actually borrowed from another Germanic source, Old Norse. The Old Norse version of the -ling suffix was used to form diminutives; thus, our word gosling was a borrowing in Middle English of an Old Norse word, g?slingr, 「gosling.」
想要擴大詞彙量的人常常去研究詞綴，這不失為一種明智的方式。就像研究一個擴大了的家庭的照片中家人的共同特徵一樣吸引人，研究一組詞綴相同的單詞本身可能也會令人意醉神迷。-ling 這一後綴源於日耳曼語， 在中古英語中便已有已幾種用法。例如，它可以和一個名詞相連形成另一個與之關聯或相似的名詞；這樣，把這個後綴加到古英語單詞yrth 「耕地」後邊便形成了另一古英語單詞 yrthling 「農夫」。 這個後綴還可以加在一個形容詞後邊形成具有該形容詞所示特徵的名詞：從古英語單詞deore, 「親愛的，被愛的」中派生出 deorling （現代英語中的 darling )。 把-ling 加在一副詞後邊可以產生具有該副詞所示情況或狀態的名詞： 從中古英語的under 形成 underling 。 這裡所要描述的-ling 家族的最後一個用法事實上是來源於另一支日耳曼語言，古挪威語。 在古挪威語中-ling 這一後綴被用作小後綴； 這樣，我們的單詞gosling 便是中世紀英語中的一個外來詞，來源於古挪威語單詞 goeslingr, 「小鵝」
現代英漢詞典
underling
[5QndElIN]
n.
手下，下屬
現代英漢綜合大辭典
underling
[5QndEliN]
n.
[蔑]下手, 下屬, 地[職]位低的人
美國傳統詞典
underling
un.der.ling
AHD:[?n「d…r-l1ng]
D.J.[6(nd*li0]
K.K.[6(nd+l!0]
n.
One of lesser rank or authority than another; a subordinate.
註釋
People trying to build their vocabulary often study affixes, a not unreasonable way to proceed. But studying a group of words that share an affix can be fascinating in its own right in the way that studying common features in a photograph of an extended family can be fascinating. The suffix -ling is Germanic in origin and had several uses already in Old English. For example, it could be added to a noun to make a second noun that referred to something connected with or similar to the first noun; thus, adding the suffix to the Old English word yrth, 「ploughland,」 produced the Old English word yrthling, 「plowman.」 The suffix could also be added to an adjective to make a noun that referred to something having the quality denoted by the adjective: from Old English d?, 「dear, beloved,」 was derived d?g (Modern English darling ). Adding -ling to an adverb produced a noun referring to something having the position or condition denoted by the adverb: from Old English under came underling. The last use of the -ling family to be described here was actually borrowed from another Germanic source, Old Norse. The Old Norse version of the -ling suffix was used to form diminutives; thus, our word gosling was a borrowing in Middle English of an Old Norse word, g?slingr, 「gosling.」