新概念英語第四冊
Lesson 26 The past life of the earth
1 . After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive, and it is only by chance that such a fate is avoided.因為一切生物都是靠吃別的東西來活命的，不管這種東西是植物還是動物，死的還是活的，因此，生物偶爾才能避免被吃掉的命運。
2 . There are also endless numbers of birds in the tar as well.瀝青坑裡還有無數隻鳥的屍體。
3 . When you think of the innumerable birds that one sees flying bout,你可以想像出天上有看得見的飛來飛去、數不清的鳥，
4 . They decompose and are quickly destroyed by the weather or eaten by some other creature.因為它們腐敗之後很快就被風化掉，或被別的動物吃掉了。
5 . In his mouth were the remains of fir trees -- the last meal that he had before he fell into the crevasse and broke his back.它嘴裡還留著冷杉 -- 它掉進冰河裂隙折斷脊椎柱之前的最後一頓飯。
6 . It is almost always due to some very special circumstances that traces of land animals survive,幾乎總是由於某些特殊的條件，陸地動物的遺體才被存下來，
7 . The remains of plants and animals that lived on land are much more rarely preserved, for there is seldom anything to cover them over.曾在陸地上生活過的動植物的遺體被保存下來的更為罕見，因為陸地上幾乎沒有什麼東西覆蓋它們。
8 . This is what happened to the famous Beresovka mammoth which was found preserved and in good condition.著名的那林索夫卡長毛象就是這樣被保存下來的，而且保存得很好。
9 . Apparently what happened was that water collected on these tar pits, and the bigger animals like the elephants ventured out on to the apparently firm surface to drink, and were promptly bogged in the tar.瀝青坑裡積存了水，大象那樣的大動物冒險到似乎堅固的水面上去飲水，立即掉進了瀝青坑。
10 . The mammoth has now been restored in the Palaeontological Museum in Leningrad. Other animals were trapped in tar pits, like the elephants, sabre-toothed cats, and numerous other creatures that are found at Rancho la Brea,which is now just a suburb of Los這頭長毛像已被修復，現存於聖彼得堡古生物學博物館。有的動物掉進天然瀝清坑裡被保存下來，如在蘭橋。拉。布裡 -- 現在是洛杉磯的郊區發現的大象、劍齒虎和許多其他動物。
11 . for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial,因為保存的必要條件之一是迅速掩埋，
12 . when the whole animal is sometimes preserved, as in a refrigerator.有時整個動物像被放在冰箱裡一樣被保存下來，
13 . and it is only in the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes, where mud and sit have been continuously deposited,所以只有在泥沙不停淤積的海洋和江河裡，有時在湖泊裡，
14 . It is animals and plants which lived in or near water whose remains are most likely to be preserved,只有生活在水中或水邊的動植物屍體最有可能被保存下來，
15 . that bodies and the can be rapidly covered over and preserved.屍體之類的東西才能被迅速地覆蓋而保存下來。
16 . it is very rarely that one comes across a dead body, except, of course, on the roads.但是，除非在路上，很少有人遇到這些動物的屍體，
17 . But even in the most favourable circumstances only a small fraction of the creatures that die are preserved in this way before decay sets in or, even more likely, before scavengers eat them.即使是在最有利的環境中，死去的生物中也只有一小部分能在開始腐爛前，或更可能在被食腐動物吃掉之前，被這樣保存下來。
18 . not to mention the equally numerous small animals like field mice and voles which you do not see,地上有不顯眼的無數的老鼠和田鼠之類的小動物，
19 . And then, when they were dead, the carnivores, like the sabre-toothed cats and the giant wolves, came out to feed and suffered exactly the same fate.大象死後，一些食肉動物，如劍齒虎和大灰狼就來吃大象，結果遭到了同樣的命運。
20 . as by falling into inaccessible caves, or into an ice crevasse, like the Siberian mammoths,如掉進難以到達的洞穴，或掉進冰河裂縫裡，或者像西伯利亞長毛像那樣掉進冰窟中，