高三英語課文
Unit 20 Gandhi
1 . Gandhi was much more than a clever lawyer, a fine speaker, a determined fighter for human rights and a political leader.甘地遠不只是一位聰明的律師，優秀的演說家，堅定的人權戰士與政治領導人。
2 . If an unfair law existed, - and there were many that had been passed by the British rulers in India and South Africa - it was the duty of everyone to disobey this law, but without using violence.如果存在一個不公平的法律--而且在印度與南非的英國統治者已經通過了許多這樣的法律--那麼不遵守這一法律是每個人的責任，但不要使用暴力。
3 . Finally, India won her independence on August 15th, 1947, but Gandhi himself was shot five months later by an Indian who opposed his views.印度終於在1947年8月15日獲得獨立，但甘地本人卻在5個月後被一個反對他的觀點的印度人槍殺。
4 . He became a supporter of the poorest group in society, who did the lowest-paid jobs.他成為社會中那些從事工資最低的工作的，最窮種姓的支持者。
5 . One day a week he would spend the whole day in silence.每週有一天他是在沉默無語中度過的。
6 . He read many books and paused in his work at six every evening for prayers, even when he was with other world leaders.他閱讀很多的書，每天傍晚六點鐘，他就要暫時停下工作去做祈禱，甚至與世界上別的領袖在一起時也這樣。
7 . Perhaps his greatest belief was in an Indian phrase which he called the force of truth.也許他最大的信仰就在他稱之為真理的力理"這一印度雋語裡。
8 . When he returned to India he spoke in public about the situation in South Africa.當他加到印度之後，他還就南非的形勢公開發表演說。
9 . South Africa passed further laws designed to make life difficult for non-whites.而南非則通過了更多的法令，企圖給非白種人的生活造成困難。
10 . He wrote about socialism in newspapers and started a magazine called Indian Opinion.他在報紙上撰文報導社會主義並且創辦了一份叫做《印度之聲》的雜誌。
11 . In cities he refused to travel in a rickshaw, a two-wheeled cart pulled by a bare-footed man.在城裡，他拒絕乘坐那種赤腳車伕拉的兩輪人力車。
12 . All his life he reached out for the truths of spirits and gods.他的一生都在追求神靈的真諦。
13 . Gandhi paid great attention to the equality of women.甘地很關注婦女的平等。
14 . Over the next thirty-two years he fought for human rights and the rights of workers who were badly treated by their employers.在後來的32年多的時間裡，他一直為爭取人權及那些受僱主虐待的工人們的權利而鬥爭。
15 . For twenty years Gandhi played an important role in working for equal rights for Indians.二十多年間，甘地在為印度人民爭取平等權利的奮頭中發揮了很重要的作用。
16 . Because of his actions, all Hindus were finally free to draw water from the same village well, to go to the same temple to pray and even marry each other.由於他的行動，所有的印度人均可自由地從同一個村井打水，去相同的寺廟做祈禱，甚至還可相互通婚。
17 . In the end this political movement succeeded and Indians were allowed to make and sell salt.但最終這場政治運動以印度人獲准生產與銷售鹽而告成功。
18 . Before he returned to India, he decided to live as a poor man and not to possess wealth.在回印度之前，他已決心過窮人一樣的生活，不佔有財富。
19 . He believed that everyone should be prepared to do heavy work, from the leaders to the poorest peasants.他認為從領袖到最窮苦的農民，每個人都該樂於從事重體力勞動。
20 . Gandhi hated the custom that had divided Hindu society into separate groups for thousands of years and his goal was to end this.甘地痛恨那種幾千年來把印度社會分成種姓的習慣，而他的目的就是要結束這種局面。
21 . In September 1888 at the age of 19, he sailed to England and after three years' study became a lawyer.1888年9月，他19歲時乘船去了英國，並在3年的學習之後成為一名律師。
22 . All the Indins over the age of 8 had to carry their permits at all times.所有8歲以上的印度人無論什麼時候都得攜帶許可證。
23 . At the time of his death, one person praised him as follows: Future generations, it may be, will hardly believe that such a person as this walked upon this earth.未來的幾代人有可能難以相信，在這個世間曾經有這樣的一個人行走過。"
24 . He was called Bapu, meaning father - because he was the father of the Indian nation of the twentieth century.他被人們稱為巴普，意國是父親--因為他是20世紀的印度民族之父。
25 . Gandhi returned to India in 1915 and was honoured as a hero.甘地於1915年回到印度時，被推崇為英雄。
26 . Mohandas Gandhi was born in India in 1869 and was married at the age of 13, following local custom.莫漢達斯·甘地1869年出生於印度，按照當地的風俗，他13歲時就結了婚。
27 . Three million people watched as the ashes of this great man were gently poured into the brown waters of the river that would carry them to the ocean.還有300萬人守望著這位偉人的骨灰緩緩撒入褐以的恆河，河水把他的骨灰送向大海。
28 . Because of his revolutionary views, he spent many years in prison.由於他的革命觀點，他在監獄裡度過了許多年。
29 . This experience was to change his life.這一經歷後來改變了他的生活。
30 . He felt free to talk about his failures or his difficulties.他可以隨便談論自己的失敗或困境。
31 . On his return to India he had the chance to travel to South Africa to work on a law case.一回到印度，他就得到一個去南非辦理一樁法律案件的機會。
32 . A further million watched as the fire, following Indian custom, turned his body to ashes.數百萬人注視著緩慢的送葬隊伍抬著他的遺體通過首都。還有上百萬人看著將他的遺體按印度習慣火化成骨灰。
33 . He was a model of a different kind of political leader.他還是一個與從不同的政治領袖的典範。
34 . Gandhi believed that one should be able to love the most ordinary being on earth as oneself.甘地認為一個人應能像愛他自己一樣去愛世界上最普通的人。
35 . The Indians declared that this Pass Law was unfair. Some of them publicly burnt their permits and many of them were put in prison.印度人宣稱，這個通行證法領"是不公平的，他們當中一些人公開把自己的許可證燒燬了，很多人也因此而被關進監獄。
36 . Twelve days later, millions more Indians lined the railway tracks as a slow train took the jar containing his ashes 584 kilometres to a place by the river.12天後，當一列慢車將盛有甘地骨灰的罈子駛向584公里外，靠近恆河的一個地方時，又有數百萬人排列的鐵路兩旁，夾道送行。
37 . Gandhi was thrown off a train and later a mail bus for insisting on travelling in the whites-only section.旅行時，甘地因為堅持要坐白人座位，曾經先後兩次被從一列火車與一輛郵車裡扔出來。
38 . When he travelled across India, he travelled hard-seat, unreserved, together with peasants and other ordinary people.當他穿越印度旅行時，他與農民及其他普通人一起乘坐"沒有被預定的硬座。
39 . He quickly became the leader.他很快就成了領袖。
40 . He encouraged Indians to start making their own cotton cloth and to refuse to buy cloth made in England.他鼓勵印度人民自己著手紡紗織布，並拒絕購買英國紡織的棉布。
41 . He was so shocked by this lack of equality and fairness that he formed an organization leading the Indians' struggle for equal rights.不平等與不公正使他如此震驚，他因此創辦了一個領導印度人為爭取平等權利而鬥爭的組織。
42 . Other Indians were killed when police officers fiercely attacked their political marches.警察官員們猛烈攻擊印度人的政治遊行時，另一些印度人被殺害。
43 . At that time only the British government had the right to sell salt, which was taxed, so Gandhi encouraged the whole nation to make their own salt.那時，只有英國政府有權出售鹽，而且鹽是要徵稅的。於是甘地鼓勵所有的國民自己生產鹽。
44 . The speaker was Albert Einstein.這位演講者就是阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦。
45 . Many other struggles followed.接著還爆發了很多其他鬥爭。
46 . At this period Indians living in South Africa were badly treated by South African whites, and very few of them had the right to vote.在那一時期，居住在南非的印度人受到南非白人的虐待，他們當中有選舉權的寥寥無幾。
47 . He had a gift for thinking up ways of making political points.他有一種天賦，能想出很多辦法闡明其政治觀點。
48 . People should be ready to go to prison for their beliefs, but they should never take up arms to fight.為了信仰，人民應該準備去蹲監獄，但決不應該拿起武器去鬥爭。
49 . He died on January 30th, 1948.他於1948年1月30日逝世。
50 . Finally, he demanded an end to the British rule over India and independence for his country.最後，他要求結束英國對印度的統治，為他的祖國爭取獨立。